Pan-Africanism : Africa and Black America: How Differ and Why

[Moko_Ananci]

Perhaps I am taking your piece out of CONTEXT but if these SYSTEMS (Capitalism, Socialism, Western Christianity, Arab Islam) did not WORK ENTIRELY to our BENEFIT in the WEST how can they SUCCEED in AFRICA without the WEST sponsoring such. All these -ISM are products of CIVILIZATION.

Is this what Africa is? A place for us to find our place in WORLD AFFAIRS under the GUIDANCE or TEACHERS of the WEST.

Africa can be all things but a reproduction it is NOT. Having the whole continent run like a BUSINESS or CORPORATION brings about feelings of WHERE is a place we can call HOME to its WORKERS?

In many SOCIAL ORGANIZATION in the WEST, MORALE is getting LOW even with the BUZZ of TECHNOLOGY, MONEY, ETC.

HOME is where the HEART is...

Which is the question we ask ourselves TODAY?

If you dont have any INSIGHT into your PEOPLE and their PROBLEMS on this SIDE of the ATLANTIC, I dont see how you can get any BETTER on the AFRICAN SIDE of the ATLANTIC and BUILD a so called BETTER adminstration of(Capitalism, Socialism, Western Christianity, Arab Islam)?

Afro-Saxons?

Have read of this term in obscure readings. But it's nice to see it used.

Well the point is that none of these systems in their Western/Arabic-interpretation (b/c the roots of socialism and democracy lie in Africa itself) can work and they do not work. How could they? These were economic and political systems devised in European societies, in the context of European market, cultural and social conditions and bearing the racist, xenophobic and sexist traits of Eurocentric societies. For Africa, the Americas, the Caribbean to get out from the grip of the Euro/Euro-American, there must be a redefining of epistimological and ontological constructs informed by these European models but created in keeping with our histories, geographies and cultural realities

 

[Moko_Ananci]

First of all, African, it saddens me considerably to see one of us think and talk in this manner in public. But now that the cat's out of the bag, I think that we must really deal with it.

Hotep



It would be much too easy to cop out and say angry things to you, no matter how much I would like to. But, let's get real for a brief minute or two. What gives you the right to define us as "Saxons". Do you really think that all of us have become Europeans? Get real. The best that we could ever hope for is some kind of a caricature of a European: some king of a pathetic freak. Let's face it: you can take an African out of Africa. But, you can never take Africa out of the African. Those who are "Saxons' were little more than some kind of a sorry behind African to begin with. The African Nation is certainly better off without them. Let them go and mess of Saxony.

Get real. Do you really think that most Americans are "Saxons"? What about Americans of Irish ancestry? Are they too "Saxons"? Or the Italians? Are they "Saxons"? The intersting thing about this so-called "Saxoniztion" is that it seems that only Afrians can become Saxonized. Get real.Not even the Scots call themselves "Saxons". For crying out loud, wake up.



This is exactly the problem. Do not suppose that you can impose Europeanism on Africa. Africa has about the richest culture in the world. We fought the Europeans precisely to defend our culture. So do not be surprised to learn that we can develop our own isms. We simply do not need Europe. Europe ain't about a whole lot, anyhow. "Great" Britain is little more than a rock in the middle of the sea.



Now we getting somewhere. Is all of this non-sense about narrow parochial concerns? There is no such thing as "Arab Islam." I come here to talk about politics (Pan-Africanism). But, I keep getting Green baited (Green is the Banner of the Muslim Community.) So, I guess I will risk getting kicked out of this forum because I will not accept such low blows as this. I am not a Christian inclined to turn the other cheek.

Muslims believe in the Unity of GOD. Because we are of GOD's image, we believe in the Unity of Mankind. Given: many reject the Blessings of Islam. But we consider all Muslims to be brothers and sisters. Indeed, Allah Almighy has commanded thus. As mere Slaves of Allah, we are bound to obey.

I hate to keep referring people to my webpage. But, I have just posted some work there that speaks directly to this issue. [fudaa.blogspot.com.] Allah has said that All Muslims are Brothers and Sisters. Every Muslim accepts this. In his last sermon, the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace and Blessings be upon him) specifically outlawed racial discrimination. You can find a copy of the Farewell Sermon here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Farewell_Sermon. Please read that Sermon very, very carefully. All that is in it will be further verified later on at my webpage. I am going through considerable effort just to publish this information so that these types of lies will begin to loose their validity.




Well, a major part of my public activity has always been to de-program as many of us as possible.Thanks to the world wide web I am more confidant than ever that we will certainly be sucessful in the end. I am publishing the facts. Eventually, people will begin to wake up. We will realize that Africa is in fact the Source of Civilization. As such, we are quite capable of developing our own social and political theories and ideologies. Proving that we are still Africans here in America, we even developed the Black Power ideology starting the late 1950's. So, clearly we are smarter than monkeys who can only copy what foreigners do.

Mate, it would do well to rein in your emotions and read over what I had written. First off the use of the term Anglo-Saxon. I took this term which as far as I know was coined by the Caribbean economist, social thinker and politcal scientist the late Lloyd Best, Google him and his TAPIA House movement if you wish. He used this phrase as simply a "working note" to describe the way in which we all have been socialised in a Eurocentric context through schooling and churching. The Saxons may have been a specific European ethnic tribe that excludes the Gauls the Celts the Picts and so on, but understand the term in the same way as we would understand the term "Eurocentric". and just so you know, most Euro-Americans, including the Irish and Italians are in effect Saxonised or to be more correct they all orient themselves culturally towards "classical" Europe and ultimately the ancient Greece and Rome they think they know about b/c this has been drilled into their heads as the epitome of civilisation and cultured societies.

The fact that as you indicated the African in us still remains no matter how much we were Westernised, was not dismissed by Best or by most thinkers. However, and I'd like to refer to ppl like the Africentric Aimie Cesair of Martinique, we are Africa's worst enemy if we don't acknowledge that we have been Westernised (Saxonised). In fact many Africans in Africa have also been Westernised due to the experience following the Berlin Conference of 1884. I have heard radical Africans who espoused Marx, speaking about the rights and power of "workers" in places where there weren't any workers in the sense Marx was talking about since he was looking at English society during the Industrial Revolution.

Now I maintain that the term Arab Islam is legitimate. You might want to believe that there is some universal brotherhood of Islam which I dismiss out of hand otherwise Qhaddafi wouldn't have waged an ultimately unsuccessful war with Chad and the Muslim Africans enslaved by Arabs in Sudan and Mauritania would still be free. Further, the term Arab Islam is used to describe the difference between the Islam that was spread to East Africa by Islamaised Arabs who carried their cultural outlook along with the religion, as opposed to Islam in West Afrca which was spread by Islamised Africans who left alone the powerful female-centred cultures of West and Central Africa. This was to continue until the mid 1500s, which according to Chiekh Anta Diop, represents our modern period when the Arab incursions into West Africa started the process of eroding the woman-centred institutions. I suggest you familiarise yourself with Diop since he too was a Muslim although his religious beliefs were never reflected in any of his major writings on Africa at all. And he was not naive either about the racism in that brotherhood which as far as Africans should be concerned was no better than the "brotherhood" of Christians

 

[abdurratln]

Well African. I thank you for offering an intelligent insight. But, it is very important that we avoid confusing ordinary Africans. We need to avoid too much abstract rhetoric and high-falooting terminology.

I will try to break this discussion down into a language that I can understand and respond to.

Mate, it would do well to rein in your emotions and read over what I had written. First off the use of the term Anglo-Saxon.

The use of this term is very unfortunate. It only adds to the confusion of identity that we are already dealing with.

Recently we have begun a struggle to end the use of the n-word in civilized discourse. There are several n-words floating around. Many of us just want to deal with only one n-word. But, the only correct and principled thing to do is to fight all of the n-words.

It is very dishonest for big shots to get up in the pulpit and try to blame the so-called gangster rappers for this n-word problem. The Honorable Dr. W. E. B. Dubois talked about a so-called double consciousness way back in the early part of the previous century. He too liked to use extremely confusing rhetoric and language. But, although he confused me greatly, he failed to fool me. I understood well enough that Dr. Dubois’s problem was too much time in such illustrious European institutions as Harvard University and a few others on the European mainland. Dr. Dubois was very confused. His confusion was a direct result of his having been thoroughly brain-washed.

I took this term which as far as I know was coined by the Caribbean economist, social thinker and politcal scientist the late Lloyd Best, Google him and his TAPIA House movement if you wish.

No I do not wish. All the fools in the world cannot convince me that we are anything other than Africans.

He used this phrase as simply a "working note" to describe the way in which we all have been socialised in a Eurocentric context through schooling and churching.

Really? I would venture to correct one little detail here: Not “all” of us have been so “schooled” and so “churched”. Sure, some of us, too many of us, have been brain-washed. But not “all” of us.

Tell ya a little story. When I was still trying to learn how to walk, I would hold onto my grandmothers skirt tails to keep from falling. As she would go about her daily chores, she would tell me all sorts of good things about the history of Africans in America. I got my “Black” history along with my learning to walk and to talk. It was buried deep inside me. No amount of “schooling” and “churching” will ever get me so confused until I do not know a lie when I hear it. When it comes to African history, African reality, I cannot be brain-washed.

Another story: My mother was a closet Muslimah all her life. I did not know it until today, this morning. In those days, it was not fashionable to signify Islam in public. So, she kept it quiet. She never even used the word Islam. But, in the privacy of our home, in our household, she practiced Islam. The fools, the educated people, made us think that what she was doing was voodoo. We were taught to be ashamed. But, today, a Muslim gave me some stuff from the Holy Land, the same way Momma used to bring home stuff from the Holy Land. Then it clicked. I realized for the first time, that Momma had been a Muslimah all her life. Alhamdulillah.

So, our culture came to us through our African parents. Nothing can ever change that rteality.

The Saxons may have been a specific European ethnic tribe that excludes the Gauls the Celts the Picts and so on, but understand the term in the same way as we would understand the term "Eurocentric". and just so you know, most Euro-Americans, including the Irish and Italians are in effect Saxonised or to be more correct they all orient themselves culturally towards "classical" Europe and ultimately the ancient Greece and Rome they think they know about b/c this has been drilled into their heads as the epitome of civilisation and cultured societies.

One more little detail: civilization is not European. Science proves that humanity originates in Africa. Therefore, human culture starts in Africa. Civilization is a product of human culture. Therefore, civilization starts in Africa. Simple logic. Common sense. Just a little bit of clear thinking.

The fact that as you indicated the African in us still remains no matter how much we were Westernised, was not dismissed by Best or by most thinkers. However, and I'd like to refer to ppl like the Africentric Aimie Cesair of Martinique, we are Africa's worst enemy if we don't acknowledge that we have been Westernised (Saxonised).

I refer you to the works of Osagyfo Dr Kwame Nkrumah. Specifically, his Consciencism: Philosophy and Ideology… defines in a clear and correct way how to deal with this issue. He explains that Africa has been enlarged by the Euro-Christian and Islamic experiences. This is why it is always so easy to spot opponents of Pan-Africanism. They masquerade as advocates of traditional African culture. But, we know the history of this non-sense. When Kwame Nkrumah, Abd El-Nasser, Sekou Toure and His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie and several other honest African leaders called for African Unity, the opposition organized what they called the Brazaville Group of African States. There was also a so-called Monrovia Group. http://www.africanfront.com/calendar3.php. This was their feeble attempt to confuse things and prevent African Unity. The same tricks continue to this day. But, it was the Casablanca Group of States that went ahead and organized the Organization of African Unity. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casablanca_Group
The OAU included all African states and led to the African Union. But, these so-called traditionalists still do much damage to our effort to bring Africa’s lost and confused children back to their roots.

In fact many Africans in Africa have also been Westernised due to the experience following the Berlin Conference of 1884.

Let me clarify this point for you. It did not start at the Berlin Conference. Ever hear of Willie Lynch? Willie Lynch was an expert in brain-washing Africans. They had what I call a Willie Lynch University going where they trained slave owners in the finer points of confusing us. Recently, I renamed this thing the University of Tel Aviv. But, it is still basically the same thing. The same lies. The same tricks. The difference is they now use zionism as the main vehicle to confuse Africans. This is why I changed the name of it.

I have heard radical Africans who espoused Marx, speaking about the rights and power of "workers" in places where there weren't any workers in the sense Marx was talking about since he was looking at English society during the Industrial Revolution.

Go on. Tell us more. Dr. Dubois was one of the worse of that crowd. His double consciousness had him talking all kinds of crazy stuff.

Now I maintain that the term Arab Islam is legitimate.

I will maintain that if you are not a Muslim, it is best that you allow Muslims do all of the “maintaining” as it relates to Islam.

You might want to believe that there is some universal brotherhood of Islam which I dismiss out of hand otherwise Qhaddafi wouldn't have waged an ultimately unsuccessful war with Chad and the Muslim Africans enslaved by Arabs in Sudan and Mauritania would still be free. Further, the term Arab Islam is used to describe the difference

Exactly what concerns me most, this is. In Islam, there are no “differences" such as we see in Christianity. That is non-sense, pure and simple. There is no “King Abdullah Versions of Quran” There is only one version. There is no Masjid of Nigeria or Somalian Islamic Masjid to parallel the Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church. There are no hundred or thousand of different denominations in Islam. There is no National Islamic group consisting exclusively of Africans and a Southern Islamic group consisiting exclusively of Europeans. There has never been any such foolishness in Islam.

I know most of us are too lazy to follow a link to the references I make here. But, this is too important to leave to chance so I have re[produced below the Farewell Sermon so that you can see why Islam is different from Christianity on this point. It is taken from this link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Farewell_Sermon.


O People,
Lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today. ”


“
O People,
Just as you regard this month, this day, this city as sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that He will indeed reckon your deeds. Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest, Arabic: Riba); therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. ”
“ Allah has Judged that there shall be no usury (interest) and that all interest due to Abbas Ibn Abd al Muttalib (the Prophet's uncle) shall henceforth be waived. ”
“ Beware of Satan for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things. ”
“
O People,
It is true that you have certain rights in regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives, only under Allah's trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them, for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with anyone of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste. ”
“
O People,
Listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat.
Perform Hajj if you can afford to.
”
“ All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black, nor a black has any superiority over a white - except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim, which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not therefore, do injustice to yourselves. ”
“ Remember one day you will appear before Allah and answer for your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone. ”
“
O People,
No prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born. Reason well therefore, O people, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and the Sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray. All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listened to me directly.

Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people.


It is true that some individual Muslims have been brain-washed. But, the overall integrity of Islam has held steady throughout the past 1400 years.

between the Islam that was spread to East Africa by Islamaised Arabs who carried their cultural outlook along with the religion, as opposed to Islam in West Afrca which was spread by Islamised Africans who left alone the powerful female-centred cultures of West and Central Africa.

It ain’t no secrete that there is cultural diversity in the Muslim Community. Some of speak Arabic. Others speak Swahili. Others Speak Chinese. A few speak Japanese. Big deal. This proves nothing worth considering. It does prove that the non-Muslim mind is always trying to impose their standards upon that which it will never fit. Do not measure Islam with a Christian yard stick, if you want to be honest.

This was to continue until the mid 1500s, which according to Chiekh Anta Diop, represents our modern period when the Arab incursions into West Africa started the process of eroding the woman-centred institutions.

Now you are trying to get slick on me. Same old tricks. Trying divide our sisters against us. Same old tricks: divide and conquer.

But, today your tricks will not work because I have some news for you.

Go to fudaa.blogspot.com and read my posts under “The Great Prophet Muhammad and his Famous Black Companions.” You will notice that the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace and Blessings be upon him) was an orphan. From the age of 6 onward, his Foster Mother (May Allah be pleased with her) was an African woman. If you pay attention to the genealogy that we provided, you will notice that Muhammad (Peace and Blessings be upon him) descended from the Prophetess Hagar (Peace and Blessings be upon her). She was also an African. Furthermore, you will notice that at least two of Muhammad’s wives were Africans.

Just as importantly, Aisha (May Allah be pleased with her) is the major source of al-Hadith. Along with Khadija (May Allah be pleased with her), she is accepted all over the world as a Mother of Islam. In addition, Several of the Heads of State, the Queens of Islam, were sisters. What it amounts to is this: Islam was pretty much founded by sisters. (May Allah be pleased with them all.) I refer you to a book called The Forgotten Queens of Islam.

In the modern era, we have proof in the Prime Minister of Pakistan, among others. Her Excellency Prime Minister Bhutto was a woman. I am greatly honored and proud to be associated with the historical fact that the very first Head of the African Nation is a sister. Her name is the Her Excellency the Honoerable Dr. Gertrude Ibengwe Mongella, President of the African Parliament. http://www.pan-african-parliament.org/profbureau.htm. Let history record that the first HEAD OF THE AFRICAN NATION IS A SISTER. We salute her. So pull out another trick. This one is old.

I suggest you familiarise yourself with Diop since he too was a Muslim although his religious beliefs were never reflected in any of his major writings on Africa at all. And he was not naive either about the racism in that brotherhood which as far as Africans should be concerned was no better than the "brotherhood" of Christians

[/QUOTE]

I know more than I want to know about Diop. Let me suggest that you try to learn something about Giap. Comrade Giap explained about thirty years ago that this non-sense y’all tried to pull in Irag would not work. Clearly y’all been reading too much Diop and not enough Giap.

 

[Moko_Ananci]

Oh for f**k's sake

I realise, albeit a bit late, what's your angle. I was under the impression that this was an informed, mature discussion with mature, informed arguments. While it is, that clearly is not the case with you with this nonsense view that Islam is some kind of panacea for Africa or anywhere else where African people reside. I just have to treat you the same way I dismiss the illiterate bible-wavers who refuse to see or read anything outside of their narrow Christian blinkers. I have no time for such foolishness.

Further nobody could be seriously talking about reconstructing Africa and not touching on any work by Diop or Obenga. And don't engage in trite name dropping talking about Kwame Nkrumah unless you've really read his writings, which isn't evident here, or can discuss in the same breath CLR James and George Padmore who interacted with Nkrumah and helped shape his ideas about African unity. What about Cabral, Nyerere or Walter Rodney?

And just so you know, I'm ex-Navy and ex-Special Operations, so I know a lot more about Vo Nguyen Giap than you can begin to digest.

 

[abdurratln]

Oh for f**k's sake

I realise, albeit a bit late, what's your angle. I was under the impression that this was an informed, mature discussion with mature, informed arguments. While it is, that clearly is not the case with you with this nonsense view that Islam is some kind of panacea for Africa or anywhere else where African people reside. I just have to treat you the same way I dismiss the illiterate bible-wavers who refuse to see or read anything outside of their narrow Christian blinkers. I have no time for such foolishness.

Whoa. Hold on just one moment. Do not go getting all mad and angry and bent all out of shape, here. You and I are brothers, or at least I thought so. We do not need to treat each other like enemies. Save some of that meann-ness and hostility for Mr. Charley.

Further nobody could be seriously talking about reconstructing Africa and not touching on any work by Diop or Obenga.

Really? Well, actually I am serious. The names you have just mentiopned are of Africans who are basically artists and writers and such. Mere theroticians, at best. I know of nothing beyond abstract discussion that Diop ever did. As for Onenga, thanks for introducing him to me. This is the first time I ever heard of that person. I guess I have been too busy actually doing postive and constructive stuff to pay much attention to people who have never done anything worth mentioning, except write nice little estroies and such. Things to entertain women and children with.

You know something: we Africans have been taliking about freedom for some 500 years. It seems that some of us, not all of us, think that we can talk our way out of slavery. Well, the Front for the Unification and Deverlopment of African and Arabia believes that we must WALK our way out of slavery. I do not need Diop to tell me that. That much is common sense.

And don't engage in trite name dropping talking about Kwame Nkrumah unless you've really read his writings, which isn't evident here, or can discuss in the same breath CLR James and George Padmore who interacted with Nkrumah and helped shape his ideas about African unity. What about Cabral, Nyerere or Walter Rodney?

Well, I have read virtually everything that Osaygefo ever published in book form. There is little that Nyerere wrote that interrests me much. But, he did say a few things that make a little sense to me.

By the way, Ain't that the same Nyerere who organized the Brazaville Group to try to sabotage the Organization of African Unity?

George Padmore was not brain-washed by Mr. Charley. But. he was a Marxist-Leninist. As fo me, I am an Nkurmaist-Toureist. As such I have very little room in my limited little brain, mind and heart for European ideologies such as Marxism-Leninism. Dr Dubois spent almost a hundred years in that confusion along with George Padmore. That is enough wasted time for me.

As for Brother Walter Rodney, he did a pretty good book on African history. I especially like the fact that he gave an economic analysis. I have developed the concept of Nkrumahist-Toureist Economics. The concept was certainly influenced by the line of thinking that Brother Walter started.

Amilcar Cabral? Certainly he had some great insights and concepts to share with all of us. I recommend that you re-read his work. I especially urge you to pay special attention to those parts where he urged us to develop a revolutionary role for petty bourgeois elements in our community. Before I read Comrade Amilcar, I had very little use for school teachers and police officers, much less military people. But, Comrade Amilcar opened my eyes to y'all's somewhat limited potential.

For one thing, he recognized the potential for so-called middle class Africans to develop a revolutionary consciousness. This is what we have been talking about all along. A lot of middle class people will talk all kinds of crazy stuff such as "Afro-this" and "Afro-that". But the dumbest African in the world can be taught that we are all Africans and people of African descent. In fact, most intelligent people know this is true. But, because Mr. Charley did not sanction this, did not give them permission to think for themselves, they reject such obvious truths. They refuse to recognize that people such as Bishop Turner, who named a church the African Methodist Episcopal Church, were absolutely right and correct. In fact, before Dr. Dubois and his double consciousness, everybody recognized that we are Africans.

Interestingly enough, you failed to mention the Honorable President Marcus Garvey. Comrade Marcus certainly had a major impact on the consciousness of the entire African Nation. Comrade Marcus laid the groundwork for the independence movement that started with the Fifth Pan African Congress. True, Dr. Dubois was in attendance. But at the Fifth Pan-African Congress, Dubois's ideology of the "Talented Tenth" was discarded. Osagyefo implemented the Garvey line of relying on the masses of the Africans, not the small select elite. In fact, this Garvey line was exactly the same line that Dr. Booker T. Washington implemented when he started Tuskegee University by collecting pennies from the African masses in Alabama and buying a henhouse. This henhouse was transformed into a one-room schoolhouse. This one-room schoolhouse grew into Tuskegee Institute where the heroic and famous Tuskegee Airmen were born. The Tuskegee Airmen recently recived the Medal of Honor. Tukegee Institute recently became Tuskegee University. Indeed it is interesting that you would fail to mention such important historical information regarding the institutional developent of the African Nation.

While you are studying African history, do not forget to do a thorough job researching Dr. Washington and the methods he used to get Tukegee started. As far as I know, Tuskegee is the only University that Africans have started in this country. There are several colleges. But Tuskegee is the only university. Clearly there is much for us to learn by studying this example.

Plus, Dr. Washington made major progress towards Economic Development in the African Nation. This is why we see Comrade Marcus Garvey setting up the Black Star Shipping Line. This is why we see Osagyefo re-establishing the Black Star line in Ghana. Plus, the National Negro Business League was started under Dr. Washington's leadership. It never ceases to amaze me that so many African scholars get their bachelors, masters and PHD's and not know anything worth knowing about the tremendous contributions that Dr. Washington made towards African institutional development. Brother Moko, from this point forward, you are equipped to help fix this sorry situation.

And just so you know, I'm ex-Navy and ex-Special Operations, so I know a lot more about Vo Nguyen Giap than you can begin to digest.

Well, I ain't "ex" anything. I am what I am. I have always been an African and I plan to always be an African.

I wish you would stop throwing that Diop non-sense at me. Let's be friends.