Omowale Jabali : Eurocentricity and the Rape of Black Native Cultures

[Omowale Jabali]

 

[Orisons]

You can know and teach about African history all you want, but the moment you cross a line and commit ethnocentrict racism at the expense of other cultures is when you get into trouble.

I dont know who you are refering to when you say "these devils". Are you saying that the Native Americans/Chinese/Japanese/Indians/Middle Easterns, etc that take pride in their accomplishments and celebrate their history are actually stealing something that rightfully belongs to Africans? Or you believe that Europeans are working together with those aforementioned cultures to keep Africans down? Which one do you believe in?

And by the way, saying that these pseudoscientists are your greatest scholars is disrepectful to the actual African scholars that are conducting actual research on African cultures.

In your opinion, by why are YOU here in any case as opposed to doing something constructive to restrain your own Germanic RETARDS ongoing onslaught on the rest of humanity?

Wouldn't you agree that the TRUTH is that we peoples of African ethnicity in the UK, USA and the rest of the Diaspora and Africa are all frontline soldiers in a War that has NEVER EVER been openly declared then or now by THESE despicably cowardly Semetic/White PARASITES, just very very efficiently waged/they JUST DO IT?

Nubia/Khemet battled and resisted the Semitic hordes for millennia but from the moment Alexander the Macedonian peasant overran Khemet we've been losing this WAR, with the situation becoming a rout when Augustus [Julius Caesar's nephew, heir and history's greatest VANDAL] deliberately destroyed Khemet's most spectacular Pyramid at Abu Rawash, which you've never heard of, have YOU?

This so deliberate piece of cultural vandalism was done to DELETE DJEDEFRAH from history as this African Pharaoh is now acknowledged as the builder of the Sphinx which honours his father Khufu [who built the Great Pyramid at Giza]; and as exemplified by the murderous carnage in Darfur and the Congo TODAY along with NATO’s so murderous slaughter of thousands of Libyans including Gaddafi [killing him and his focus on a united Industrialised Africa/Afrocentric agenda in one] his sons and whole regime, we're still in BIG trouble/losing this WAR, aren't WE?

Wishing this WAR away hasn't worked for the African collective in the USA, the rest of the Diaspora and Africa for the last 500 years because Slavery and Colonialism didn't so much end as evolve into the current reality of White/European socio-economic domination in every area of human activity as underlined by YOU and your ilk STILL aspiring to control our information now, on this allegedly BLACK message board aren’t YOU [so why are WE expecting the chaos in our communities and countries to improve in the near future]?

Now that you’ve drawn the race card can you tell us exactly who or what apart from Lucifer were the British and other European colonists/Christians praying to as they totally eradicated the indigenous people of Newfoundland, vast areas of the Americas, and Tasmania in order to steal their land; overrunning Australia's Aboriginals and New Zealand's Maoris into being a 25-100:1 powerless minority in THEIR homeland along with enslaving and extorting the free labour of my African ancestors and their tortured, mutilated and murdered siblings for over 300 years [and other Crimes against Humanity for which there has been no apology or reparation to date] in the Diaspora?

Isn’t anyone who genuinely believes they are not programmed​

graphically illustrating that their programming is COMPLETE!​

 

[Hildegard von Krone]

In your opinion, by why are YOU here in any case as opposed to doing something constructive to restrain your own Germanic RETARDS ongoing onslaught on the rest of humanity?

There are ways to have a discussion, but calling me or germanic people retarded is not one of them. I would usually have ignored your whole post altogether based on this...next time I will.

Germanic countries have been peaceful for the last 60 years. The main offender was Germany, so I it is not fair to group Sweden, Norway, Denmark, The Netherlands, etc together, even moreso when they fought against Germany. Both World Wars were fought in Europe for the most part, and it was Europeans that died...but I guess this doesnt inspire any sympathy in you.

So what was/is the onslaught on the rest of humanity you talk about? Get your facts straight.

Wouldn't you agree that the TRUTH is that we peoples of African ethnicity in the UK, USA and the rest of the Diaspora and Africa are all frontline soldiers in a War that has NEVER EVER been openly declared then or now by THESE despicably cowardly Semetic/White PARASITES, just very very efficiently waged/they JUST DO IT?

Perhaps from your perspective it seems that way, but most people are concerned with the Middle East and countries such as China, Brazil and India because they have protagonism in current world politics and economics. Not to sound disrespectful, but Africa has had little protagonism in the world since the fall of Ancient Egypt, or when the Moors rose to prominence.

When Africa was being colonized (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa), there were far bigger things going on in Europe, Asia, The Middle East and the Americas. So to say that Europeans have been waging an invisible war againts Africans for centuries is nothing but an attempt to shift was really going in the world at that time and put the spotlight solely above Africa/Africans.

The truth is, most people dont care about Africa. It is a shame because it is where help is needed the most. I admit about being more concerned about what dress am I going to buy next than about a child dying somewhere in Africa because of malnutrition; it is a horrible thought, this selfishness and this desensitization...but then again I also have my own problems to deal with and im no Mother Teresa either.

This so deliberate piece of cultural vandalism was done to DELETE DJEDEFRAH from history as this African Pharaoh is now acknowledged as the builder of the Sphinx which honours his father Khufu [who built the Great Pyramid at Giza]; and as exemplified by the murderous carnage in Darfur and the Congo TODAY along with NATO’s so murderous slaughter of thousands of Libyans including Gaddafi [killing him and his focus on a united Industrialised Africa/Afrocentric agenda in one] his sons and whole regime, we're still in BIG trouble/losing this WAR, aren't WE?

Darfur and Congo...hmmm, they are solely responsible for their actions. But I guess blaming the everybody else instead of taking responsibility seems like an easier way out, isnt it? All the world problems are because of someone else. Before the colonization, Africa was a paradise and there wasnt any misery, slavery, conflict and what not...so I guess it is impossible that conflicts such as these happened becaus of interla problems.

Seriously? I havent seen any self-criticism since I got here...

Wishing this WAR away hasn't worked for the African collective in the USA, the rest of the Diaspora and Africa for the last 500 years because Slavery and Colonialism didn't so much end as evolve into the current reality of White/European socio-economic domination in every area of human activity as underlined by YOU and your ilk STILL aspiring to control our information now, on this allegedly BLACK message board aren’t YOU [so why are WE expecting the chaos in our communities and countries to improve in the near future]?

It was the africans who sold the slaves to the europeans, but I guess you are omiting this on purpose. Also, why dont you talk about the Arab slave trade? I guess you dont care because you werent a victim of it.

Now that you’ve drawn the race card can you tell us exactly who or what apart from Lucifer were the British and other European colonists/Christians praying to as they totally eradicated the indigenous people of Newfoundland, vast areas of the Americas, and Tasmania in order to steal their land; overrunning Australia's Aboriginals and New Zealand's Maoris into being a 25-100:1 powerless minority in THEIR homeland along with enslaving and extorting the free labour of my African ancestors and their tortured, mutilated and murdered siblings for over 300 years [and other Crimes against Humanity for which there has been no apology or reparation to date] in the Diaspora?

Isn’t anyone who genuinely believes they are not programmed​

graphically illustrating that their programming is COMPLETE!​

I can only speak for South America since it is where I have lived my whole life so...

Totally eradicated? Have been to Latin America? Most countries have a mixed population, and others like Peru and Bolivia have a native indian majority. They dont hold any hate towards europeans (we arent treated better or worse) here and I have yet to meet someone that blames the past for their problems of today. Latin America has made great advances and cooperation between countries is higher than ever(the CELAC http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States) was created recently).

There are still problems, but im very optimistic about the future.

This is not to say they dont know their own history: Pre and Post colonialism is studied extensively in the school curriculums here.

 

[Omowale Jabali]

What happened to the black population?




To the bloody War of Paraguay (1865-1870) and the Yellow Fever Epidemic the drastic diminution of the Afro Argentine population has been attributed.
Traditionally it has been argued that the black population in Argentina declined since the early 19th century to insignificance. However, the pilot census conducted in two neighborhoods of Argentina in 2006 on knowledge of ancestors from Subsaharan Africa verified that 5% of the population knew of African ancestry, and another 20% thought that was possible but not sure. Given that European immigration accounted for more than half the growth of the Argentine population in 1960, some researchers argue that rather than decrease what they had was a process of "invisibility" of the population Afro Argentine and their cultural roots.
Other researchers have argued that there was a deliberate policy of genocide against the Afro Argentinian, which was openly expressed by many Euro-Argentines as Domingo F. Sarmiento and was probably implemented by using repressive policies during epidemics and wars as a tool of mass destruction.[6] The theories argue that genocide may have been used to explain the decline in the population. Experts were pursuing similar arguments, but differ on the attribution of intent that was first attributed to the ruling classes.
Causes of reduction

Among the reasons expressed are:

• Heavy casualties caused by the constant civil wars and foreign wars: Blacks formed a disproportionate part of the Argentine army in the long and bloody War of Paraguay (1865–1870), in which the loss of lives on both sides were high. The official historiography maintains that this resulted in the disappearance of the black population, while the genocide claims contend that the disproportionate recruitment was intentional.[7]
• Epidemics, especially of yellow fever in 1871: the traditional history holds that the epidemics had greater impact in areas where the poorest people lived, whereas the vision that sustains the existence of a genocide underlines the repressive mechanisms that enabled upper-class groups to leave the affected areas at the same time, forcing African Argentines to stay locked up and thus aggravate health conditions.
• Emigration, particularly to Uruguay and Brazil, where black populations had historically been larger and had a more favorable political climate;
• The massive immigration from Europe between 1880 and 1950,[8] boosted by the Constitution of 1853, that quickly multiplied the country's population. Like Australia in the 1950s to 1980s, European immigrants were encouraged while non-Europeans were virtually excluded.
• There are a growing number of historians in academia which look to the possible act of racial genocide on the part of the Argentine government.[9] Former Argentine President Domingo Sarmiento advocated forced population reductions of the black population in Argentina. While direct evidence of any such action is very limited, research into the unseemingly swift population reduction for blacks over a very short amount of time, lack of actualized census evidence of intermarriage between blacks and whites in Argentina, and investigations finding evidence of later commissions of genocide toward native populations, as well as executions by the Argentine government toward the nations small Native American population gives slight credence to the possibility of the subject.[10][11]

Domingo F. Sarmiento defended racist ideas and was president when the events occurred that were attributed to the mass mortality of Afro Argentines
Domingo F. Sarmiento

Domingo F. Sarmiento , who was president during the great yellow fever epidemic and the War of Paraguay, events to which is assigned the extermination of the Afro Argentine, had a strong racist position and argued the need to eliminate the black population. In 1848 he wrote all this in his diary during his trip to the United States.

“​

Slavery in the United States today is without question a possible solution; 4 million are black, and within 20 years will be 8. Rescue, who pays 1,000 million pesos worth? Libertos - or Freedmen, what is done with such blacks hated by the white race? Slavery is a parasite that the vegetation of English colonization has left attached to leafy tree of freedom. Did it not dare to uproot the tree when it could, while leaving the dead, and the parasite has grown and threatens the whole tree gleaned?

”​

Years later the same Sarmiento wrote:

“​

I come to this happy Chamber of Deputies in Buenos Aires, where there are no gauchos, or black, or poor.

”​

—Cited by Ruchansky​

Expressions of Sarmiento is an example of the attitude taken by the Argentine State after slavery was abolished by amending the census classifications so there is no record of their presence, eliminating the categories of people "black" or "brown", to merge it with other groups under the banner of "Trigueña."
Some of the few researchers in the situation of Afro Argentinians the end of the 19th century, have argued that his alleged posting by the European immigrants is not compatible with the fact the high rate of masculinity of the latter.
We must also bear in mind that non-European immigrants settled in large numbers in the northern provinces, where the population was predominantly black.
In 1887 the percentage of black population was officially calculated at 1.8% of the total. From that moment will not be registered in the census. The State's position was again made explicit at the time of the National Census of 1895 when its leaders said:

“​

Will soon be completely unified population forming a new and beautiful whites.

”​

Since then, and for nearly a century, in Argentina virtually no studies were conducted on the nature Afro Argentinians.
Beginning in the 1930s began to place large internal migrations to Buenos Aires and other urban centers to be integrated as factory workers in the industrialization process open then. Beginning in the 1940s, his presence was crowded and was disparagingly called for large sections of middle and upper class, "black heads."
Only in recent decades have there begun to appear research both historical and sociological aimed at the black population, with results that have been received with surprise and in some cases rejected by large segments.
In recent years, have multiplied the studies, activities and organizations related to population Afro Argentine. The overall result indicates a presence both physically and culturally far greater than that posed formally.

The arguably biggest reason for the small Afro presence in Argentina, despite there once being a fairly sizeable population at one time, is warfare. Afro Argentine men were heavily involved in the country’s wars against Great Britain, Spain, Brazil, and even the indigenous peoples of Argentina. Another reason in addition to warfare is that they were systematically being mixed out by mingling with European immigrants and the white Argentines as well. Also, Afro-Argentines that were free, were set loose into very poor living conditions.
Slavery was officially abolished in Argentina in 1813, however, many blacks were still held as slaves, and were only granted their freedom by fighting in Argentina’s wars. For this reason, black men served very disportionately in the war against Spain for Argentina’s independence. When you look at the huge number of black men killed in the war compared to the white Argentines, you can come to the conclusion that these black men were being used as a “cannon fodder”, and were deliberately being placed on the frontlines. In fact, when you observe Argentina’s history, their government has purposely sent as many blacks as possible to battle in dangerous military service. Not to mention their mission of “killing two birds with one stone” by sending the Afro Argentines to war against the Amerindians (Indians), who the white Argentines despised as well.
While the black Argentine men were getting killed in warfare, black Argentine women were without mates. So these black women began to produce mix children with the European immigrants. This mixing created another problem for the Afro Argentines though, since having an African heritage wasn’t considered proper, and was even seen as a burden to many mulattos. It is for this reason that many light mulattos passed for white or trigueño (a dark skin white person), and were even careful not to associate themselves with the Afro Argentine community. With the obsession of the Argentines to become a white nation, “passing” became popular for the mulattos in Argentina. In fact, it was very rare to find a mulatto who had the chance to pass, not utilize this advantage.
Ironically for the Afro Argentines, a free black in Argentina had less chance for survival than an enslaved black Argentine did. An enslaved black was seen as an investment so he or she was taken good care for; on the other hand free blacks were left with menial jobs for low pay, or became beggars in the streets. For this reason the poverty in the Afro Argentine community was terrible. In fact, a large portion of blacks died from disease, because they couldn’t afford proper medical care. Many Afro Argentines were decimated by frequent plagues like yellow fever.[12]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro_Argentine

 

[Omowale Jabali]

The black population resulting from the slave trade during the centuries of Spanish domination of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata had a major role in Argentine history. Throughout the eighteenth and 19th centuries, it comprised up to fifty per cent of the population in some provinces and had a deep impact on national culture.
In the 19th century, it declined sharply in number as a result of the wars of Independence (most of the soldiers were black Argentine men), high infant mortality rates, low number of married blacks, the War of the Triple Alliance (most Argentine soldiers in this battle were black as well), cholera epidemics in 1861 and 1864, as well as a yellow fever epidemic in 1871.[citation needed]
By the late 19th century, the Afro-Argentine population was consisted mainly of women,and mixed with the European immigrants that arrived. With thousands of immigrants of Europe arriving to Argentine soil, and most black women intermarrying with them, noting that their populations were already low, the Afro-Argentine population faded into oblivion.[citation needed]
In 2006 there was a pilot census on this issue in the neighborhoods of Montserrat, in Buenos Aires, and in Santa Rosa de Lima, in Santa Fe, revealing that 5% of the Argentine population confirms their having ancestors of African descent and that an additional 20% believes it could share this ancestry but is not sure.
This research supports the claim by the Center for Genetic Studies of the School of Arts and Sciences of the Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) that an estimated 4.3% of the people living in suburban Buenos Aires have genetic markers of African descent.[1][2] Today there is still a notable Afro-Argentine community in the Buenos Aires district of San Telmo. There are also quite a few black afro-Argentines in Merlo and Ciudad Evita cities, in the Buenos Aires metropolitan area.

As part of the process of Conquest, the economic regimes of the European colonies in America developed various forms of forced labor exploitation of the American aboriginals. However, the relatively low population density of some of the South American territories, resistance from some Aboriginal groups to the acculturation and especially the high rate of mortality of the submission, the type of work and diseases introduced by Europeans resulted in the decline of the native population, led them to supplement the manpower that they provided with slaves from sub-Saharan Africa. Mexico and Peru alone lost nearly 90% of their indigenous population in the first 50 years after the Conquest.[citation needed]
Well into the 19th century, mining and agriculture accounted for the bulk of economic activity in America. Africans offered to the conquerors the advantage of having already been exposed by their geographical proximity to European diseases, and at the same time adjusted to the tropical climate of the colonies. In the case of Argentina, the influx of African slaves began in the colonies of the Rio de la Plata in 1588, although these early arrivals were largely the work of smuggling. Trafficking flourished through the port of Buenos Aires when the city granted the British the privilege of importing a share of slaves through it. To provide slaves to the East Indies, the Spanish crown granted contracts known as Asientos to various companies from other countries, mainly Portuguese, British, Dutch and French.[3] In 1713 England, victorious in the War of Spanish Succession, had the monopoly on this trade. The last Asiento was drawn up with the Royal Society of the Philippines in 1787. Until the 1784 ban, blacks were measured and then branded.[citation needed]
Before the 16th century slaves had arrived in relatively small numbers from the Cape Verde islands. Thereafter the majority of Africans introduced to Argentina were from ethnic groups speaking Bantu languages, from the territories now comprising Angola, The Gambia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Guinea and the Republic of the Congo. The immigration of Yoruba and Ewe was more limited in Argentina; larger numbers of these groups were taken to Brazil[citation needed]
It is estimated that 30 million Africans were shipped to the Americas, and the 6 million who survived the journey entered mainly through the ports of Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Valparaiso and Rio de Janeiro.[4]
The slaves were forced to work in agriculture, livestock, domestic work and to a lesser extent crafts. In urban areas, many slaves made handicrafts for sale, whose revenues went to their masters. The Buenos Aires neighborhood of San Telmo and Montserrat housed a large quantity of slaves, although most were to sent to the interior provinces. The 1778 census conducted by Juan José Salcedo of Vértiz showed very high concentration of Africans in provinces where agricultural production was greatest: 54% in Santiago del Estero Province, 52% in Catamarca Province, 46% in Salta province, 44% in Córdoba Province, 64% in the Tucuman Province, 24% in Mendoza Province, 20% in La Rioja Province, 16% in San Juan Province, 13% in Jujuy Province, 9% in San Luis Province. An important part of the African population also inhabited other provinces; today one of the slums of the city of Corrientes is still known as Camba Cuá, from the Guarani kamba kua, meaning "cave of the Blacks".[citation needed]
In 1806/1807 the city of Buenos Aires had 15,708 Europeans, 347 indigenous and mestizos, and 6650 Africans and mulattos, while in 1810 there were 22,793 whites, 9615 Africans and mulattos, and only 150 indigenous. The area most densely populated by Africans was located in the neighborhood of Montserrat, also known as Barrio del Tambor (Drumtown), just a few blocks from the current Congress.[citation needed]

Slaves would group themselves in societies they called nations, some of which were Conga, Cabunda, African Argentine, Mozambique, etc.[citation needed]
The meeting places of the nations had in common their locations in artificially flattened and sanded opened spaces for dancing; others were closed in with interior free space. In some cases the rooms were carpeted and curtained thanks to the generosity of a master. The nation had its king and queen (who in reality were democratically elected and had no court) and centered around a throne that was erected in the best place of the flag along with its flag, which every nation had. There was also a platform or at least a dais, which among other things was used to receive great dignitaries such as Juan Manuel de Rosas, his wife, and his daughter, as portrayed in a painting by Martín Boneo. The headquarters was the site of social gatherings and dances.[citation needed]
Often the black societies centered around the barrios, such as the del Mondongo nation or the del Tambor society. The Mondongo nation was one of the most important in Buenos Aires and was composed of 16 blocks in the barrio of Monserrat. Its name derived from the large quantity of tripe (mondongo) consumed its members. The name Tambor was quite common in many towns, as the drum was the favored African instrument for dances and songs.[citation needed]
Sometimes slaves were purchased individually from abroad through an agent. For example, a letter sent from Rio de Janeiro says:[citation needed]

“​

My dear sir: on behalf of the schooner Ávila I send you the negro girl that you charged me with purchasing here. She is thirteen or fourteen years old, was born in the Congo, and is called María. I will put on record that I have received the five hundred peso price. Greetings to you.

”​

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro_Argentine