- Feb 27, 2007
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Juz 5 & 6
I. 5th 1/30th of Quran (Juz #5: An-Nisa 24-An-Nisa 147)
A. Verses 24-28
i. Permission for marriage with slave girls
ii. Permission for marriage with slave girls
iii. Allah wishes to guide and forgive
B. Verses 29-42
i. Respect the ownership of one another's properties
ii. Avoid heinous sins and do not be jealous
iii. Laws of inheritance are fixed
iv. Men are overseers over women
v. Corrective measures for disobedient women
vi. Arbitration in family disputes
vii. Huqüq-ul-Ibãd (rights of other human beings)
viii. Witnesses of the Rasools on the Day of Judgment
C. Verses 43-63
i. Prohibition of drinking liquor - (second order)
1. Tayammüm
ii. Behavior of the People of the Book
iii. Invitation of Imãn to the People of the Book
iv. Mushrikïn will not be forgiven
v. People of the Book tend to take side of Shaitãn
vi. Fate of the unbelievers and the believers
1. Who should the believers obey?
vii. Hypocrites' attitude towards the decision of the Prophet
D. Verses 64-81
i. One who disputes the decision of the Prophet is not a believer
ii. Believers will be in excellent company in the hereafter
iii. Be prepared for armed conflict (Jihãd)
iv. Make Jihãd to help the oppressed
v. Fear Allah and not the people
1. There is no escape from death
vi. Obedience of the Rasool is in fact the obedience of Allah
E. Verses 82-96
i. Proof that the Qur'an is Divine revelation
1. Report the important news to responsible persons
ii. Respond to greetings with even better greetings
iii. Fight against hypocrisy and hypocrites
iv. The punishment for killing a believer and laws of bloodwit
v. Investigate properly before jumping to conclusion
vi. Ranks of the Mujãhideen over the Non-Mujãhideen
F. Verses 97-124
i. Oppressed should migrate if possible
1. Reward for migration in the cause of Allah
ii. Salat-ul-Qasr: Shortening of Salah during travel and Salah in the state of war
iii. Salah is obligatory at its prescribed times
iv. Establish justice based on Divine guidance
1. Warning against Slander and against falsely charging innocents
v. Allah's special favors to the Prophet
1. Prohibition of secret counsel and its limited exception
vi. Shirk is an unforgivable sin
1. Promise of Shaitãn to create false desires
vii. Promise of Allah to grant paradise to righteous - who can be truer than Allah in promise?
G. Verses 125-147
i. No one is better than a Muslim
ii. Establish justice for women, orphan girls and helpless children
iii. Have fear of Allah in your dealings
iv. Commandment to stand firm for justice
v. The believers are required to believe wholeheartedly
1. Boycott the un-Islamic gatherings
2. The hypocrites have double standards
vi. Characteristics of hypocrites and the acts of hypocrisy
1. The hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of hellfire
II. 6th 1/30th of Quran (Juz#6: Verses 4:148-5:81
A. Verses 148-176
i. Do not utter evil words
1. Do not draw a line between Allah and His Rasools in obedience
ii. Most Jews are habitual sinners and violators of Allah's commandments
1. Jesus was neither killed nor crucified
iii. Punishing the Jews for their iniquities
1. Their only salvation is to become Muslims
iv. This Qur'an carries the same message as was sent to Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus
1. Al-Qur'an's authenticity is verified by Allah Himself
v. Believe in this authentic revelation if you want to attain felicity
Stop saying "Trinity" Allah is the One and Only Deity.
vi. Jesus was a Prophet and worshipper of Allah
vii. Mankind is asked to believe in the message of Al-Qur'an
viii. Legal decision relating to the inheritance of childless persons
Al-Mã’idah
I. Introduction
a. Major Issues, Divine Law and Guidance:
i. Lawful (Halãl) and unlawful (Harãm) in the matters of food.
* Permission to eat the food of Ahl-al-Kitab (Jews and Christians)
ii. Permission to marry women of Ahl-al-Kitab (Jews and Christians).
iii. Regulations about bath, wudhu and Tayammüm.
iv. The fact that Salah and Zakah were also obligatory for Jews and Christians.
v. Invitation to Jews and Christians to become Muslims.
vi. Those who do not judge by the Laws of Allah are declared to be unbelievers, wrong doers and transgressors.
vii. Warning to guard against corruption of power.
viii. Punishment for rebellion, disturbing the peace and theft.
ix. Absolute prohibition of drinking and gambling.
x. Additional rules for the laws of evidence.
xi. Miracles of Jesus - and the fact that he did not claim divinity.
xii. Testimony of Jesus which he shall give on the Day of Judgement.
b. Al-Mã’idah was revealed at the time when the last effort of the Qureysh to suppress Islam had been defeated in the Battle of the Ditch, and it had become quite obvious to the Arabs that no power could suppress the Islamic movement. Now Islam was not merely a creed which ruled over the minds and hearts of the people, but had also become a State which was regulating the lives of people. Therefore, there was a need to formulate Islamic civil and criminal laws in detail and enforce them through Islamic courts. New and reformed ways of trade and commerce were needed to replace the old. Likewise, Islamic laws of marriage and divorce, segregation of the sexes, and punishment for adultery, were needed to mold the social life of Muslims. This Sürah provided the guidelines to the believers in some of these aspects of their lives so that their social behavior, conversation, dress, way of life and culture could take a definite shape of its own.
c. The treaty of Hudeybiyah was also signed in the same year which gave the Muslims not only peace in their own territory but also respite to spread the Message of Islam in the surrounding territories. The Holy Prophet wrote letters to the rulers of Iran, Egypt, and Rome and to the Chiefs of Arab tsribes, inviting them to Islam. At the same time the missionaries of Islam spread among the clans and tribes and invited them to accept the Divine Message of Al-Islam.
d. Now that the Muslims had become a ruling body, it was feared that power might corrupt them. At this period of great trial, Allah had admonished them over and over again to stick to justice and to guard against the wrong behavior of their predecessors, the People of the Book. Believers are enjoined to remain steadfast to the Covenant of Obedience to Allah and His Rasool. They should follow Allah's commands and prohibitions in order to save themselves from the evil consequences which were faced by the Jews and the Christians who had violated them. They have been instructed to avoid hypocrisy. In continuation of the instructions given in Sürah An-Nisã' about the consolidation of the Islamic Community, the Muslims have been directed to observe and fulfill all their obligations. The Jews and the Christians are also admonished to give up their wrong attitudes towards the Right Way and accept the guidance which is being taught by the Prophet Muhammad ( peace be upon him).
II. Period of Revelation
a. This Sürah appears to have been revealed after the treaty of Hudeybiyah at the end of 6 A. H. or the beginning of 7 A. H. It deals with problems that arose from this treaty. The continuity of the subject indicates that most probably the whole Sürah was revealed as a single discourse at one and the same time.
III. Verses 1-13
a. Fulfill your obligations
i. Cooperate in piety and not in transgression
b. Harãm - (Forbidden) meat
i. Al-Islam is declared to be the complete and perfect Deen (way of life)
c. All good and clean things are made lawful
i. The food of the People of the Book is made lawful and marriage with their women is permitted
d. Order for making wudhu (ablution)
i. Permission of Tayammüm
e. Stand as a true witness and establish justice
i. The plot of the Jews to kill the Prophet and his eminent companions
f. Salah and Zakah were obligatory for the Jews also
i. The Jews' habit of being deceitful
IV. Verses 16-20
a. Testimony of Jesus on the Day of Judgment about Christians
V. Verses 14-32
a. Christians too have neglected most of their Book
i. Jews and Christians are commanded to embrace Islam
b. Jesus, son of Mary, is not God or son of God
c. False claim of Jews and Christians of being the children of God
i. An invitation to Jews and Christians to become Muslims
d. Behavior of the Jews with their own Prophet Musa (Moses)
e. Curse of Allah on the Jews for 40 years
f. Story of Adam's sons, one of whom committed the sin of murder
g. Decree of Allah regarding the killing of a human being
VI. Verses 33-47
a. Punishment of waging war against Allah and His Rasool
b. Jihãd is the way to success
i. No ransom will save the unbelievers from the punishment
c. Punishment for the crime of theft
d. Do not provide lip-service; be True believers
i. If Allah intends to punish, the Rasool cannot save
e. Laws of Taurãt (Torah)
i. Those who do not judge by the laws of Allah
A) They are unbelievers
B) They are wrongdoers
ii. They are transgressors
VII. Verses 48-69
a. Diversity of human race
b. Establish justice based on Allah's revelations
c. Do not take Jews or Christians as your protectors
d. Your protecting friends are: Allah, His Rasool, and your fellow believers
e. Do not befriend those people who make a mockery of your religion
f. Jews' deceiving behavior
i. Jews' slandering Allah
ii. If only the people of the Book had believed, they could have had best of both worlds
g. The Rasool's mission is to deliver Allah's Message
VIII. Verses 70-81
a. Attitude of the Jews towards the Rasools
b. Those who say Jesus is God are disbelievers
c. Who was Jesus, son of Mary?
d. Disbelievers among the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongues of David and Jesus
I. 5th 1/30th of Quran (Juz #5: An-Nisa 24-An-Nisa 147)
A. Verses 24-28
i. Permission for marriage with slave girls
ii. Permission for marriage with slave girls
iii. Allah wishes to guide and forgive
B. Verses 29-42
i. Respect the ownership of one another's properties
ii. Avoid heinous sins and do not be jealous
iii. Laws of inheritance are fixed
iv. Men are overseers over women
v. Corrective measures for disobedient women
vi. Arbitration in family disputes
vii. Huqüq-ul-Ibãd (rights of other human beings)
viii. Witnesses of the Rasools on the Day of Judgment
C. Verses 43-63
i. Prohibition of drinking liquor - (second order)
1. Tayammüm
ii. Behavior of the People of the Book
iii. Invitation of Imãn to the People of the Book
iv. Mushrikïn will not be forgiven
v. People of the Book tend to take side of Shaitãn
vi. Fate of the unbelievers and the believers
1. Who should the believers obey?
vii. Hypocrites' attitude towards the decision of the Prophet
D. Verses 64-81
i. One who disputes the decision of the Prophet is not a believer
ii. Believers will be in excellent company in the hereafter
iii. Be prepared for armed conflict (Jihãd)
iv. Make Jihãd to help the oppressed
v. Fear Allah and not the people
1. There is no escape from death
vi. Obedience of the Rasool is in fact the obedience of Allah
E. Verses 82-96
i. Proof that the Qur'an is Divine revelation
1. Report the important news to responsible persons
ii. Respond to greetings with even better greetings
iii. Fight against hypocrisy and hypocrites
iv. The punishment for killing a believer and laws of bloodwit
v. Investigate properly before jumping to conclusion
vi. Ranks of the Mujãhideen over the Non-Mujãhideen
F. Verses 97-124
i. Oppressed should migrate if possible
1. Reward for migration in the cause of Allah
ii. Salat-ul-Qasr: Shortening of Salah during travel and Salah in the state of war
iii. Salah is obligatory at its prescribed times
iv. Establish justice based on Divine guidance
1. Warning against Slander and against falsely charging innocents
v. Allah's special favors to the Prophet
1. Prohibition of secret counsel and its limited exception
vi. Shirk is an unforgivable sin
1. Promise of Shaitãn to create false desires
vii. Promise of Allah to grant paradise to righteous - who can be truer than Allah in promise?
G. Verses 125-147
i. No one is better than a Muslim
ii. Establish justice for women, orphan girls and helpless children
iii. Have fear of Allah in your dealings
iv. Commandment to stand firm for justice
v. The believers are required to believe wholeheartedly
1. Boycott the un-Islamic gatherings
2. The hypocrites have double standards
vi. Characteristics of hypocrites and the acts of hypocrisy
1. The hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of hellfire
II. 6th 1/30th of Quran (Juz#6: Verses 4:148-5:81
A. Verses 148-176
i. Do not utter evil words
1. Do not draw a line between Allah and His Rasools in obedience
ii. Most Jews are habitual sinners and violators of Allah's commandments
1. Jesus was neither killed nor crucified
iii. Punishing the Jews for their iniquities
1. Their only salvation is to become Muslims
iv. This Qur'an carries the same message as was sent to Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus
1. Al-Qur'an's authenticity is verified by Allah Himself
v. Believe in this authentic revelation if you want to attain felicity
Stop saying "Trinity" Allah is the One and Only Deity.
vi. Jesus was a Prophet and worshipper of Allah
vii. Mankind is asked to believe in the message of Al-Qur'an
viii. Legal decision relating to the inheritance of childless persons
Al-Mã’idah
I. Introduction
a. Major Issues, Divine Law and Guidance:
i. Lawful (Halãl) and unlawful (Harãm) in the matters of food.
* Permission to eat the food of Ahl-al-Kitab (Jews and Christians)
ii. Permission to marry women of Ahl-al-Kitab (Jews and Christians).
iii. Regulations about bath, wudhu and Tayammüm.
iv. The fact that Salah and Zakah were also obligatory for Jews and Christians.
v. Invitation to Jews and Christians to become Muslims.
vi. Those who do not judge by the Laws of Allah are declared to be unbelievers, wrong doers and transgressors.
vii. Warning to guard against corruption of power.
viii. Punishment for rebellion, disturbing the peace and theft.
ix. Absolute prohibition of drinking and gambling.
x. Additional rules for the laws of evidence.
xi. Miracles of Jesus - and the fact that he did not claim divinity.
xii. Testimony of Jesus which he shall give on the Day of Judgement.
b. Al-Mã’idah was revealed at the time when the last effort of the Qureysh to suppress Islam had been defeated in the Battle of the Ditch, and it had become quite obvious to the Arabs that no power could suppress the Islamic movement. Now Islam was not merely a creed which ruled over the minds and hearts of the people, but had also become a State which was regulating the lives of people. Therefore, there was a need to formulate Islamic civil and criminal laws in detail and enforce them through Islamic courts. New and reformed ways of trade and commerce were needed to replace the old. Likewise, Islamic laws of marriage and divorce, segregation of the sexes, and punishment for adultery, were needed to mold the social life of Muslims. This Sürah provided the guidelines to the believers in some of these aspects of their lives so that their social behavior, conversation, dress, way of life and culture could take a definite shape of its own.
c. The treaty of Hudeybiyah was also signed in the same year which gave the Muslims not only peace in their own territory but also respite to spread the Message of Islam in the surrounding territories. The Holy Prophet wrote letters to the rulers of Iran, Egypt, and Rome and to the Chiefs of Arab tsribes, inviting them to Islam. At the same time the missionaries of Islam spread among the clans and tribes and invited them to accept the Divine Message of Al-Islam.
d. Now that the Muslims had become a ruling body, it was feared that power might corrupt them. At this period of great trial, Allah had admonished them over and over again to stick to justice and to guard against the wrong behavior of their predecessors, the People of the Book. Believers are enjoined to remain steadfast to the Covenant of Obedience to Allah and His Rasool. They should follow Allah's commands and prohibitions in order to save themselves from the evil consequences which were faced by the Jews and the Christians who had violated them. They have been instructed to avoid hypocrisy. In continuation of the instructions given in Sürah An-Nisã' about the consolidation of the Islamic Community, the Muslims have been directed to observe and fulfill all their obligations. The Jews and the Christians are also admonished to give up their wrong attitudes towards the Right Way and accept the guidance which is being taught by the Prophet Muhammad ( peace be upon him).
II. Period of Revelation
a. This Sürah appears to have been revealed after the treaty of Hudeybiyah at the end of 6 A. H. or the beginning of 7 A. H. It deals with problems that arose from this treaty. The continuity of the subject indicates that most probably the whole Sürah was revealed as a single discourse at one and the same time.
III. Verses 1-13
a. Fulfill your obligations
i. Cooperate in piety and not in transgression
b. Harãm - (Forbidden) meat
i. Al-Islam is declared to be the complete and perfect Deen (way of life)
c. All good and clean things are made lawful
i. The food of the People of the Book is made lawful and marriage with their women is permitted
d. Order for making wudhu (ablution)
i. Permission of Tayammüm
e. Stand as a true witness and establish justice
i. The plot of the Jews to kill the Prophet and his eminent companions
f. Salah and Zakah were obligatory for the Jews also
i. The Jews' habit of being deceitful
IV. Verses 16-20
a. Testimony of Jesus on the Day of Judgment about Christians
V. Verses 14-32
a. Christians too have neglected most of their Book
i. Jews and Christians are commanded to embrace Islam
b. Jesus, son of Mary, is not God or son of God
c. False claim of Jews and Christians of being the children of God
i. An invitation to Jews and Christians to become Muslims
d. Behavior of the Jews with their own Prophet Musa (Moses)
e. Curse of Allah on the Jews for 40 years
f. Story of Adam's sons, one of whom committed the sin of murder
g. Decree of Allah regarding the killing of a human being
VI. Verses 33-47
a. Punishment of waging war against Allah and His Rasool
b. Jihãd is the way to success
i. No ransom will save the unbelievers from the punishment
c. Punishment for the crime of theft
d. Do not provide lip-service; be True believers
i. If Allah intends to punish, the Rasool cannot save
e. Laws of Taurãt (Torah)
i. Those who do not judge by the laws of Allah
A) They are unbelievers
B) They are wrongdoers
ii. They are transgressors
VII. Verses 48-69
a. Diversity of human race
b. Establish justice based on Allah's revelations
c. Do not take Jews or Christians as your protectors
d. Your protecting friends are: Allah, His Rasool, and your fellow believers
e. Do not befriend those people who make a mockery of your religion
f. Jews' deceiving behavior
i. Jews' slandering Allah
ii. If only the people of the Book had believed, they could have had best of both worlds
g. The Rasool's mission is to deliver Allah's Message
VIII. Verses 70-81
a. Attitude of the Jews towards the Rasools
b. Those who say Jesus is God are disbelievers
c. Who was Jesus, son of Mary?
d. Disbelievers among the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongues of David and Jesus