Black Christians : Joseph & the Pharaoh Who Delivered Him

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Joseph & the Pharaoh Who Delivered Him
The Middle Kingdom
The 12th Dynasty
appr. 1991-1783


And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his father, to Goshen, and presented himself unto him; and he fell on his neck, and wept on his neck a good while.

And Israel said unto Joseph, Now let me die, since I have seen thy face, because thou art yet alive.
GENESIS 46:29-30​


Dates vary amongst secular historians with regards to the exact time and reign of each pharaoh during the time that the Bible places Joseph in Egypt. But because the Bible does not vary at all with regards to the Bible time line, history becomes so incredibly fascinating to me in contrast and comparisons. The Bible timeline can be verified solely due to the advent and ongoing presence of the Star of Bethlehem of which appeared in a planetary alignment, and an alignment that only occurs once about every 2000 years apart. Joseph’s actual life becomes so easy to determine with respect to the history of Egypt, particular dynasties and many other historical events in other places in the earth that happened around his lifetime. He lived during the Bronze Age and with respect to the extensive trade system that developed around that specific time as opposed to the previous times, the Bronze Age term became more defined and renamed ‘the Middle Bronze Age’. Prior to that time bronze tools and artifacts had not been produced and used as a major trade mode and more specifically, this Middle Bronze Age trade system that flooded Egypt and the major civilizations at that time used bronze that was specifically made of copper and tin. Because of the master metal works of bronze that was produced by people from the north in the Caucasus regions where tin was found in abundance to make a high quality bronze metal, this time period became marked by the many artifacts that was made to appeal to powerful governments in the South World like that in Egypt. And this period was said to begin around the 2000s BC and extend for a couple of hundreds of years to the 1750s BC by most historians. But some extend this time of manufacture and trade to the New Kingdom times up to the 1550s BC and the distinctions are based upon the rise and fall of systems as they related to trade and manufacture control. However this would be the time that Joseph lived. It was also the time when the Middle Kingdom set up.

Again, based upon the secular variation of time with respect to the specific pharaohs that ruled Joseph could have been forced into slavery and captivity under one great and famous pharaoh and later delivered from the prison from which he was later sent to under the following pharaoh and heir to the throne of which also became famed for his works. Joseph was sold into slavery and captivity by his brothers and other kinsfolk during the middle of the times when this powerful family of kings ruled of which became known as the Twelfth Dynasty and according to historians there were eight of them that ruled and most of them were well noted for their individual greatness. Because this part of history becomes so easy to decipher and line up due to this particular time period being a great time of change and record keeping, and marked by many great events it becomes a wonder why so-called Christians of our early American system and Biblical scholars have never chosen to bring it out in their books and films. By contrast and comparison of several accounts my research lines Joseph up to have at least been under the famous pharaoh named Amenemes III [Lamares].

Amenemes III [I.e. Amenehet III] was the son of the great Sesostris III [I.e. Senwosret III or Senusret], the man who became known for his might and his campaigns in Nubia and like the first, this Black [African] Theban ruler was known for his activities in the north as far as the Iberian Peninsula in the Caucasus and in Europe. Because of the legendary format that later evolved about these two Sesostris rulers [I and III] and with no regards to well documented written records that they were known to have produced, details about them are sometimes merged, but nevertheless they were both known for being great warriors. Sesostris III was said to be over six feet, six inches tall and very formidable. Like his ancestors that headed up this government, Sesostris III was from the southern parts of Egypt therefore, these men at first concentrated their efforts in Upper Egypt [southern Egypt] in Thebes and farther south into Nubia and Ethiopia. My research shows that although these pharaohs were definitely staunch enemies towards the Nubians and Ethiopians [the original Africans], and even though they were eastern Black people that became apart of Africa at an early time, they were also inter-mixed with Nubians in their very origins. However, these 12th Dynasty pharaohs were distinct and they became very antagonistic towards the Nubians especially after they overthrew the 11th Dynasty.

It has been said that due to major projects done in these modern times in that region such as the construction of the Aswan dam, many ancient ruins that had been built up by Sessostris III became erased from history because it was submerged under water. Not long after they took dominion from the 11th Dynasty rulers though, these 12th Dynasty pharaohs moved their capitol farther north to Middle Egypt where most of there burial pyramids were built. So perhaps Joseph was forced into Egypt under Sesostris III’s lifetime but for a certainty, Joseph lived and was delivered byway of the great pharaoh Amenemes III.

After Sesostris III’s many war campaigns during most of his reign, his son Amenemes III ruled what became known as Egypt’s Golden Age by many historians. And it would also be many events during this time that so fits the stories and character written about that concerns Joseph. However and again, both secular and so-called Bible scholars totally omit the obvious and have completely debauched the events that surrounds this time period that matches the very records about Joseph. Again, because of the Bible timeline of which offers the exact year that Joseph was born, 1883 B.C. it becomes absolute that Joseph was sold into slavery in the year 1866 B.C. as the Bible also records that he was seventeen (17) years old when he was sold into slavery [captivity]. It seems that such an effort has been made to hide history so much so, that major events that edify Amenemes III’s rule was willingly omitted in order to suppress the truth. Names have even been switched and altered of certain significant persons and rulers that lived around this time and placed in other dynasties by some. Nevertheless coupled with other major unavoidable and scientific facts that occurred around this time and of which can be compared and contrasted, certain obvious events seem to line up in an amazing way and brings out the truth amidst seemingly obvious actions of deception.

During Amenemes III’s rule, this happened to be a time of great famine so much so that many civilizations collapsed due to the initial breakdown of trade relations as anyone might suspect. And it would be this one event, the great famine, that marks and connects the story of Joseph to this Golden Age so well. Joseph was the man that caused Amenemes III to become the pharaoh of the great Golden Age in ancient Egypt.

The Bible says that the pharaoh had a dream and due to the good report he had heard, the pharaoh had Joseph delivered out of the prison to decipher his vision. Because the pharaoh believed in the interpretation that Joseph gave in that it concerned a great famine that was to happen, he believed that Joseph was blessed and therefore, he exonerated Joseph and made him apart of his royal court. Not only that but, the pharaoh gave Joseph the position of ‘vizier’ [I.e. visionary, wise man of the court…] and that meant that Joseph became ‘second in command to the pharaoh himself! Now, historians record that it was in fact, during this very time period of the Middle Kingdom 12th Dynasty that viziers were noted for being appointed. It was this time period too that two major civilizations in India collapsed one of which was abrupt. In addition, the major civilization in Troy, [Troy V] in Northwest Turkey [Anatolia] also collapsed around this time of great famine. Therefore, these major civilizations that broke down mark time. Their breakdown caused many, many people to migrate away from their homelands westwards and southwards into Egypt! According to the Bible it was Joseph that cautioned the pharaoh on how to deal with the major influx of foreigners economically so that his treasuries would not become drained and cause the system to collapse and to become vulnerable to overthrow. Joseph was given complete control over the granary and treasuries on how to deal with the many foreigners that migrated into the land in search of a new life. He controlled the books. Joseph had control over whom ever sought government assistance in order to buy and trade and it was in this way that Egypt became wealthy and this period became classified as a Golden Age. It was also in this way that he was one day, confronted by the presence of his own brothers.

Everything written about Amenemes III correlates to the story about Joseph even down to the records that says that this pharaoh had a close advisor that was not an heir and in which he appointed and he fully relied upon. It has also been written and affirmed that due to so many foreigners, namely the Hyksos, that migrated into Egypt during this time of famine, eventually the 12th Dynasty was overturned. Like Joseph’s people of whom suffered from the great famine and uprooted from ‘the Middle East’ to go down into Egypt, these Hyksos people and many others came from that area and other nearby regions into Egypt. But more importantly, the Hyksos people had a history with the Scythians of whom came from a much farther northerly direction. It was the Hyksos and the Scythians that were known well as traders. It was their way of life and they always sought their fortunes by trading into great civilizations like Egypt. The Scythians were the kind of people that brought in the new technology of the times; the chariots. History places them in the east and northeast in places like Turkey, Mitanni [Assyria] and further northeast in the great Russian Steppes and etc. where they manufactured war chariots and trained horses to drive them. It was these kinds of people that came down into Egypt when their civilizations collapsed and, it was these kinds of people that eventually over threw the 12th Dynasty system with the help of certain Black military men of the northern civilizations. After a period of immigration though, there was an abrupt violent takeover. And it was these people that suppressed the Hebrew Israelites down into severe captivity. However, before their time of domination, Joseph caused his people to find refuge in Lower Egypt [North Egypt] in the Nile Delta valley and in the land called Goshen [I.e. Rama].

So when Joseph was reunited with his father Israel, the Bible gives a conformation in the scripture when it stated that Joseph made ready his ‘chariot’ [GENESIS 46:29]. The ‘chariot‘ marks the technology of that time period and therefore reveals the presence of the Hyksos and Scythians of whom were in migration into Egypt at that time along with the Hebrews and etc. This scripture also marks the direction in which Joseph resided and thus agrees with secular records in that “Joseph went up to meet Israel his father”. Joseph was not based in the north but to the south in Middle Egypt where the burial grounds and capitol was for the 12th Dynasty pharaohs. Amenemes III was renown for his great wonder, the water wheel maze, his irrigation construction project in the Fayyum oasis called ‘the Labyrinth’, and he was known for the construction of one of his two great pyramids in that region known as Hawara. Joseph went up out of Middle Egypt in his chariot to become reunited with his father Israel of whom had settled in Goshen. The Bible says that Joseph also took his aged father to meet this great pharaoh and at the time father Israel was written to be 130 years old! Joseph had been abruptly separated from his father and home and after about fifty years with no warning one day, he was suddenly face-to-face with his brothers. It was then that he learned of the shocking news that his father was still yet alive. So by the time that Joseph drove his chariot up to the north of Egypt in the delta to be reunited with his father, he was also ‘an old man’! Joseph was about seventy (70) years old! Yet and still, it must have been a moment that erased that time gap. My imagination pours over this one part of the Bible with emotions that no words can ever describe--because of my personal experience. I embrace this story of Joseph.

Some people wonder why the Bible does not concentrate on the names of the rulers of Egypt. But from a Christian point-of-view, it should not become too difficult to understand. Based upon the Bible, world judgment will encompass all good works and evil works measure by measure and the Bible says that that the Creator extends his mercies to the world. But when we consider the entire time of dynastic rule in Egypt of which includes the 12th Dynasty and thousands of years of history, we have to consider the government systems as a whole. Joseph later told his relatives that he did not even want his bones to rest in Egypt and this desperation should at least become obvious to African American descendants of slaves. Joseph became apart of the system by force, first as a slave, then victimized, then sacrificed again and imprisoned. Obviously he possessed the bitterness of any human who knows what it was liked to be classified as a slave. He was ‘sold for a servant’ and that means he was ‘a slave’. Before that fateful day when he was taken away from all that he knew and clung to for life, he went in search of his brothers out of obedience to his father and, in a moment, in a flash, he was forced against his will, and no matter how his spirit yearned he could not go back home. He could not go back to be with his father and his brother and his bed. Define hell. It would be fifty years. Then suddenly he was back with his brother and his father. Define Resurrection. The very purpose of the Creator’s judgment upon Egypt is to expose and script the major issue of human slavery, a terrible form of human sacrifice as well as other forms of it practiced as being lawful under the government. The pharaoh owned Joseph. His spirit was broken. It is not the beginning works that sum up ones’ life but the end…

He sent a man before them, even Joseph, who was sold for a servant:
Whose feet they hurt with fetters: he was laid in iron:
PSALMS 105:17-18.​


slavebeating.jpg

Egyptian man beating a slave
while another begs for mercy

The Middle Kingdom is the first major period in Egyptian history where slavery was well known. In the 1950s AD, the American Egyptologist William C. Hayes published a famous papyrus document from the Middle Kingdom which had a list of slaves on one side and a discussion of Egyptian prisons on the other (Hayes 1972). In the next issue of Bible and Spade, we will examine the information this valuable papyrus provides for us regarding the story of Joseph.
http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2010/02/18/Joseph-in-Egypt-Part-I.aspx

the final debate over the matter of slavery in Egypt, Auibre and Amenemhet III did not see eye-to-eye. However, Amenemhet remained a brother to him in death.
http://www.domainofman.com/boards/index.php?topic=33.0;wap2


Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.

And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.
EXODUS 12:40-1.​

1866 BC - 430 = 1436 BC
*September 14, 1436 -- Sabbath Day
**Most people forget to include Joseph as being apart of the count. He was born in 1883 BC and sold into captivity at the age of seventeen (17) in 1866 BC. During the time of great trade, in September, when caravans were on the move to and from great civilizations in the Levant around the time of preparations for the annual Barley Festival to be held after the Nile flood rivers subsided and after the Fall Equinox.​
 
Pharaohs of the Bible
Dion Astwood, 2004


Traditional synchronisms of Egypt and Israel are likely to be incorrect as they do not correspond to the descriptions as given in Scripture. They tend to be made on date matching, that is a date in Scripture as defined by the Bible is matched with a date defined by Egyptian records and archeology. This does not take into account the circumstances surrounding the situations described in the Bible and subsequently Egyptian records do not appear to correspond to Scripture. The Scriptural chronology is relatively robust, but the same can not be said of the Egyptian. What follows is a description of the Pharaohs and Egypt as given in Scripture with the Scriptural time periods. If the Egyptian records can be identified which give the identity of the Pharaohs mentioned in the Bible, then the Egyptian chronology can be adjusted (and others that are based on Egypt).

Though BC dates are often used, AM dates are more useful when working from the Bible and are used here.

There are potentially 20 royal Egyptians mentioned in the Bible, though some are likely identical, for example the Pharaoh Potiphar was offical to when Joseph came to Egypt was possibly the Pharaoh that Joseph served 13 years later. They are as follows:

A
unnamed
Abram’s visit to Egypt

B
unnamed
Potiphar offical to Pharaoh

C
unnamed
Joseph primeminister

D
unnamed
Jacob’s death

E
unnamed
The Oppression

F
unnamed
Pharaoh’s daugher

G
unnamed
Moses fled Egypt

H
unnamed
Exodus

I
unnamed
Ezrah’s son Mered married Pharaoh’s daughter Bithiah

J
unnamed
Alliance with Hadad

K
unnamed
Alliance with Solomon, daughter married Solomon

L
? Queen of Sheba
Visited Solomon

M
Shishak
Attacked Jerusalem in 5th year of Rehoboam

N
Zerah
Attacked Judah in reign of Asa

O
So
Hoshea asked help when oppressed by Assyria

P
Tirhakah
Attacked by Sennacherib during Hezekiah’s reign

Q
unnamed
Prophesied against by Isaiah

R
Neco
Killed Josiah

S
unnamed
Subdued by Nebuchadnezzar, during reign of Jehoiachin

T
Hophra
Supported Zedekiah against Nebuchadnezzar


Following is information concerning these royal Egyptians as given by Scripture.

Information concerning the Pharaohs as given by Scripture


FULL ARTICLE HERE: http://users.actrix.co.nz/da.astwood/PharaohsBible.html
 
Pharaohs of the Bible
Dion Astwood, 2004


Traditional synchronisms of Egypt and Israel are likely to be incorrect as they do not correspond to the descriptions as given in Scripture. They tend to be made on date matching, that is a date in Scripture as defined by the Bible is matched with a date defined by Egyptian records and archeology. This does not take into account the circumstances surrounding the situations described in the Bible and subsequently Egyptian records do not appear to correspond to Scripture. The Scriptural chronology is relatively robust, but the same can not be said of the Egyptian. What follows is a description of the Pharaohs and Egypt as given in Scripture with the Scriptural time periods. If the Egyptian records can be identified which give the identity of the Pharaohs mentioned in the Bible, then the Egyptian chronology can be adjusted (and others that are based on Egypt).

Though BC dates are often used, AM dates are more useful when working from the Bible and are used here.

There are potentially 20 royal Egyptians mentioned in the Bible, though some are likely identical, for example the Pharaoh Potiphar was offical to when Joseph came to Egypt was possibly the Pharaoh that Joseph served 13 years later. They are as follows:

A
unnamed
Abram’s visit to Egypt

B
unnamed
Potiphar offical to Pharaoh

C
unnamed
Joseph primeminister

D
unnamed
Jacob’s death

E
unnamed
The Oppression

F
unnamed
Pharaoh’s daugher

G
unnamed
Moses fled Egypt

H
unnamed
Exodus

I
unnamed
Ezrah’s son Mered married Pharaoh’s daughter Bithiah

J
unnamed
Alliance with Hadad

K
unnamed
Alliance with Solomon, daughter married Solomon

L
? Queen of Sheba
Visited Solomon

M
Shishak
Attacked Jerusalem in 5th year of Rehoboam

N
Zerah
Attacked Judah in reign of Asa

O
So
Hoshea asked help when oppressed by Assyria

P
Tirhakah
Attacked by Sennacherib during Hezekiah’s reign

Q
unnamed
Prophesied against by Isaiah

R
Neco
Killed Josiah

S
unnamed
Subdued by Nebuchadnezzar, during reign of Jehoiachin

T
Hophra
Supported Zedekiah against Nebuchadnezzar


Following is information concerning these royal Egyptians as given by Scripture.

Information concerning the Pharaohs as given by Scripture


FULL ARTICLE HERE: http://users.actrix.co.nz/da.astwood/PharaohsBible.html

Ah!!!

Thank you! Thank you! Thank you!

This is a confirmation for me.
 

Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.
EXODUS 1.8​

The Invasion of the Hyksos & the Scythians

Joseph died in 1773 BC not long after the set up of the 13th Dynasty and this scripture shows that there was a time gap between the initial set up and when the Israelites were eventually suppressed down into severe captivity. Secular history also shows too, that after a period of gradual migrations of Hyksos people into Egypt, soon there was a violent take over. There was a specific movement of Hyksos and Scythian peoples that came from the north. And a confirmation of this abrupt coup de tat stems from the new presence of the Hurrians, a Black military force that the Hyksos used to oust the Black Egyptians and others at that time from their courts in Middle Egypt. Another major confirmation that the Israelites became victims of a violent takeover under the Hyksos was due to the abrupt and sudden murder of four of Joseph’s grandsons. Joseph was dead by this time, but it was his son, Ephraim, that had to endure this incredible time of sorrow. It would be this major story that also confirms the Israelites were utterly suppressed byway of a violent overthrow at an early time during the Hyksos domination.

The Bible says that while all four of the brothers were with their cattle, they were suddenly jumped and murdered by Gathites. And like ‘Goliath of Gath’, Gathites were known for being very big, tall and warlike. Like Goliath too, Gathites are Greeks. Goliath was specifically ‘a Mycenean Greek’ [White Greek] who was apart of the Philistine civilization. But the Gathites that killed Ephraim’s four sons were written to be born in Egypt showing that they had migrated into Egypt due to the times of the Great Famine and had settled in the land earlier. Joseph’s descendants suffered the same blow that the elite Mene-Thebans and other Blacks that lived in the Capitol Middle Egypt. They were abruptly confronted with a concerted effort to oust the old system and replace it with the Hyksos-Hurrian, two system government. Because Joseph’s sons came from a Theban priest daughter, his generations were considered to be apart of the original people of the land. In other words, they would have been darker skinned in their origins, and that would be why they became a main target for overthrow.

The Hyksos Capitol, named Avaris, set up in the north where the Hyksos suppressed the Israelites down into severe captivity, and the Hurrians set up their Capitol in the south, in Thebes, where they suppressed the Mene-Thebans and the original Hamites into severe captivity. Because the delta valley in the north was considered ‘the Bread Basket of Egypt’, one major hard labor for the Israelites was that of being GRAIN SLAVES. And another major labor was that of being BRICK MAKERS used for building up major trade cities [treasure cities] in the north. And the powerful Hurrians forced the conquered Mene-Thebans into the quarries and etc. It was not until the rise of the New Kingdom that the Mene-Thebans were able to overthrow their oppressors and form the 18th Dynasty. But for the Israelites, they continued to be suppressed even under this New Kingdom system and they were continued to be forced into their labors as GRAIN SLAVES and BRICK MAKERS, because they were foreigners. Unlike the Scythian foreigners of whom were white and could have easily blended in with the Assyrians and Hittites and merge back into those systems for refuge, the Hyksos foreigners were an ethnic people and targeted for the cause of trouble. The Hyksos people are sometimes confused with the very Israelite victims that they enslaved. But after they were overthrown, it could be possible that some of them may have been captured and forced into the very lot of the Israelite victims they so suppressed. Albeit, they were two very distinct people that formed in different cultures. This would be similar to the Native Americans and the African slaves of whom came from two distinct experiences but yet, they were both suppressed byway of the Europeans and, some of them were eventually forced into the same lot and thus intermixed overtime. Nevertheless, like the Natives and African Americans today, the ancient Israelites were a well formed culture with their own set of values before they migrated into Egypt and continued to remain unique up to and beyond the time they were finally expelled from Egypt.
 
The Joseph Coins

One of the first things to bring to your attention deals with several coins which were found in Egypt which bear incredible testimony to Joseph. Grant Jeffrey gives us the details:

“”Recent research conducted on previously overlooked Egyptian coins confirms the biblical story of Joseph and his role in government service in ancient Egypt. In 2009, archaeological authorities from the Egyptian National Museum announced that a cache of ancient coins had been “rediscovered.” Initially discovered almost a century earlier, the coins had been in storage. They were uncovered in the vast storage vaults of the national museum and the Antiquities Authority. Cairo’s Al Ahram newspaper reported that the coins bear the name and image of the biblical Joseph.21 The cache of more than five hundred coins had been set aside decades earlier in the belief that they were miscellaneous objects of worship and likely of no significance. However, scientists re-examined the coins using recently developed technology and discovered that a number of them dated to the time of ancient Egypt. Most of the coins were engraved with the year they were minted and their monetary value and the effigies or images of the pharaohs ruling Egypt when the coins were minted. Researchers concluded that the “Joseph coins” originated in the period when Joseph served as Pharaoh’s treasurer—during the seven years of plenty and seven years of famine (see Genesis 41:41–45). Biblical history suggests a date for Joseph’s high position in the Egyptian government that coincides with the date of the minting of the coins in the cache (approximately 2000 B.C.). Amazingly, some of the coins bear both Joseph’s name and image.” (Grant R. Jeffrey, The Signature Of God: Conclusive Proof That Every Teaching, Every Command, Every Promise In The Bible Is True, 69-70 (Kindle Edition); Waterbrook Press)

While many skeptics of the Bible refuse to acknowledge the importance of these finds, the evidence speaks volumes to the authenticity and credibility of the truthfulness of the Bible.

The Joseph Canal

Another great evidence of the credibility of the story of Joseph in the Bible comes from an ancient canal in Egypt which dates back to the time of Joseph himself. In fact, what makes the canal so astonishing is that it is literally named The Canal Of Joseph! Bill Cooper informs us:

“And what shall we say of the common assertion amongst modernists that no Egyptian monument exists which bears the name of Joseph? Well, we can always point out the fact that about 80 miles south of Cairo, there lies the still- flourishing town of Medinet- el- Faiyum. It is a lush and fertile area, famed for its ‘gardens, oranges, mandarines, peaches, olives, pomegranates and grapes’. It has been like this for well over 3,000 years, and owes its lush fertility to a 200 mile- long canal which still conveys to it the waters of the Nile in a constant year- round flow. It is an astonishing feat of engineering which to this day is known throughout Egypt as the ‘Bahr Yusuf’ – the Joseph Canal. This has always been its name. Moreover, the people of Egypt are perfectly happy to tell you that it was built by the Joseph of the Bible who once was Pharaoh’s ‘Grand Vizier’. 14”. (Bill Cooper, The Authenticity Of The Book Of Genesis, 2040-2046 (Kindle Edition))

Incredible!

Yet, there is more.

Evidences Of The Seven Year Famine And Mention Of Joseph By Name

The archaeological evidence regarding Joseph also includes references to the seven years of abundance and to the seven year famine mentioned in Genesis. Ancient inscriptions from non-Hebrew grave have been unearthed which not only mention these facts, but even discuss Joseph himself! Consider the following (emphasis added, M.A.T.):

” “We dwelt at ease in this castle a long tract of time; nor had we a desire but for the region-lord of the vineyard. Hundreds of camels returned to us each day at evening, their eye pleasant to behold in their resting-places. And twice the number of our camels were our sheep, in comeliness like white does, and also the slow moving kine. We dwelt in this castle SEVEN YEARS OF GOOD LIFE—how difficult for memory its description! THEN CAME YEARS BARREN AND BURNT UP: when one evil year had passed away, then came another to succeed it. And we became as though we had never seen a glimpse of good. They died and neither foot nor hoof remained. Thus fares it with him who renders not thanks to God: His footsteps fail not to be blotted out from his dwelling.” (Charles Forster, Sinai Photographed (London: Richard Bentley, 1862); quoted in Jeffrey).

“In thy name O God, the God of Hamyar, I Tajah, the daughter of Dzu Shefar, sent my steward TO JOSEPH, And he delaying to return to me, I sent my hand maid With a measure of silver, TO BRING ME BACKA MEASURE OF FLOUR: And not being able to procure it, I sent her with a measure of gold: And not being able to procure it, I sent her with a measure of pearls: And not being able to procure it, I commanded them to be ground: And finding no profit in them, I am shut up here. Whosoever may hear of it, let him commiserate me; And should any woman adorn herself with an ornament From my ornaments, may she die with no other than my death.” (Rule and Anderson, Biblical Monuments, 9; also quoted in Jeffrey).

Please notice the clear connection to the ‘seven years’ of goodness and great abundance, and how those were followed by the “years” of famine and death. This is a clear confirmation of what the Bible tells us about the seven years of abundance and famine (Genesis 41:25-36). Observe also that Joseph is mentioned by name by a woman of great power who sends a servant to him to procure flour.

The findings of archaeology continue to demonstrate the accuracy of Scripture....

 

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